此陈毅非彼陈毅，保全大片国土的民族英雄
<section style="text-align: center;"><section style="display: inline-block;"></section><span style="color: rgb(250, 83, 89);">著述六家胸有甲，</span></section><p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(250, 83, 89);">立功万里胆包身。</span></p><p> <span style="font-size: 17px;">这是1940年春，曾任江苏省省长的韩国钧老先生，赠给新四军一支队司令员（苏北指挥部指挥）陈毅的名联。</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 17px;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 17px;"> 普遍认为，这副对联是赞誉陈毅文武兼备，可媲美古之名将，如范仲淹、李昭德等。</span></p><p> 据阿英《敌后日记》记载，他曾在阜宁新四军军部附近的陈老总住所里，见到这副对联挂在墙上。</p><p><strong style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-variant-caps: normal;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;white-space: normal;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration: none;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;color: rgb(255, 76, 0);font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;font-style: italic;">01</span></strong></p><p> 如果以陈老总一生论之，自然名副其实，但其时抗战正处于艰难时刻，陈老总尚没有多少骄人战绩，也未有什么著作名世（<span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">《梅岭三章》尚未在盐城首发）。</span>特别是联中的“著述六家”“立功万里”等词句，显然是实指，而非纯粹的虚词美言，但此时这些事于陈老总却似无迹可寻。<br/></p><p> 韩国钧<span style="letter-spacing: 0.578px;">年高德劭，学养深厚，</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.578px;">写诗赠联</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.578px;">不会无的放矢，也没有必要浮夸奉承。那么，他怎么会赠送陈毅一副“名不副实”的对联呢？</span></p><p> 笔者推断，与其说韩国钧要赞美陈老总，不如说是借这副“高评”的对联，对陈老总提出勉励和期望。因为，此前有一位与陈老总<span style="color: rgb(250, 83, 89);">同名同姓</span>的陈毅，实实在在地做到了“著述六家、立功万里”！</p><p><strong style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-variant-caps: normal;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;white-space: normal;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration: none;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;color: rgb(255, 76, 0);font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;font-style: italic;">02</span></strong></p><p><strong style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-variant-caps: normal;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;white-space: normal;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration: none;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;color: rgb(255, 76, 0);font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;font-style: italic;"><br/></span></strong></p><p> 这位与陈老总同名同姓的陈毅，比韩国钧小16岁，比陈老总大22岁，是民国初年罕见的<span style="color: rgb(250, 83, 89);">筹边长才，</span>于千难万险之中，为国家民族竭忠尽智，为保全祖国北方和西北国土立下不世之功！</p><p> </p><p> 这一位陈毅先生和他的历史功业，因种种原因，湮没在历史烟云之中，但同为晚清民初的封疆大吏，韩国钧却一定是了解的。由这位陈毅联系眼前同名同姓的抗日将领，撰联鼓励，寄以厚望，便顺理成章了。</p><p> </p><p><br/></p><section style="text-align: center;"><section style="display: inline-block;"></section></section><section style="text-align: center;"><section style="display: inline-block;"></section><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;"> <span style="caret-color: rgb(250, 83, 89);color: rgb(250, 83, 89);font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: auto;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: auto;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration: none;display: inline !important;float: none;">▲ </span><span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);font-size: 14px;font-weight: bold;">上图红框中大片国土的保全或丢失，都与时为民国封疆大吏的陈毅有莫大关系。</span></span><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;"><span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);font-size: 14px;font-weight: bold;"> </span> </span></section><section><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;"><br/></span></section><section><p><strong style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-variant-caps: normal;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;white-space: normal;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration: none;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;color: rgb(255, 76, 0);font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;font-style: italic;">03</span></strong></p><p><strong style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-variant-caps: normal;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;white-space: normal;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration: none;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;color: rgb(255, 76, 0);font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;font-style: italic;"><br/></span></strong></p><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;"></span></section><section><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;"> 陈毅（1873～？），字士可，蕲州黄陂（武汉）人。清末贡生（一说附生），曾求学于两湖书院，历任清廷学部参事、京师图书馆纂修、法律馆纂修等职。辛亥革命后，曾任北洋政府总统府秘书、蒙藏院参事。1917年，被任命为驻库伦（乌兰巴托）办事大员（都护使）、西北筹边使、蒙藏总务厅总办等职。</span></section><section><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;"><br/></span></section><section><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;"> 世传他“精通边疆舆地，嗜典籍、喜藏书，精于鉴别。藏书中多地理、边防之书，颇多海内孤本”。</span></section><section><section style="text-align: center;"><section style="display: inline-block;"></section></section></section><p><br/></p><p> <span style="caret-color: rgb(250, 83, 89);color: rgb(250, 83, 89);font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: auto;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: auto;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration: none;display: inline !important;float: none;">▲ </span><span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);font-size: 14px;font-weight: bold;">外蒙古首府库伦地区老地图。</span></p><p><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, WenQuanYi Micro Hei, sans-serif;font-weight: bold;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: start;white-space: pre-wrap;background-color: rgb(245, 245, 245);"></span><br/></p><p><br/></p><section><p><strong style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-variant-caps: normal;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;white-space: normal;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration: none;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;color: rgb(255, 76, 0);font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;font-style: italic;">04</span></strong></p><p><strong style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-variant-caps: normal;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;white-space: normal;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration: none;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;color: rgb(255, 76, 0);font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;font-style: italic;"><br/></span></strong></p><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;"></span></section><p><br/></p><p> 辛亥革命后，各省先后统一到中央政府，<span style="font-size: 17px;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(30, 31, 36);color: rgb(30, 31, 36);font-family: -apple-system-font, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, sans-serif;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration: none;float: none;display: inline !important;">1913年的《中俄声明》，1915年的《恰克图条约》，均规定中国对外蒙古有宗主权，外蒙古为中国领土的一部分。</span>但外</span>蒙古因沙俄蚕食鲸吞，渗透极深，颇有分离迹象。</p><p><span style="font-size: 17px;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 17px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 17px;">此时，北洋政府<span style="caret-color: rgb(30, 31, 36);color: rgb(30, 31, 36);font-family: -apple-system-font, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, sans-serif;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration: none;float: none;display: inline !important;">向外蒙派遣办事大员陈箓驻扎库伦。</span>陈毅（老）获任乌里雅苏台佐理专员，为陈箓部属，远赴冰雪苦寒之地维护国家利益。</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 17px;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 17px;"> 1917年，一战中的双方已打得筋疲力尽，本属协约国的沙俄，因国内局势不稳，遂退出战场，又与德国媾和，顿时恼了协约国，一时无力顾及在东方渗透扩张。这对贫弱的中国而言，实是极为难得的机遇之窗。</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 17px;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 17px;"> 陈毅身处边陲，心念统一，极可能是北洋政府里敏锐地发现并果断抓住这个历史机遇的<span style="color: rgb(250, 83, 89);">第一人</span>！</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 17px;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 17px;"> 其时，<span style="caret-color: rgb(30, 31, 36);color: rgb(30, 31, 36);font-family: -apple-system-font, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, sans-serif;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration: none;float: none;display: inline !important;">驻扎在唐努乌梁海（今之图瓦）的俄军逃散几尽，只剩“非精练”的百余残军。同年5月，驻库伦办事大员陈箓辞职回京，北洋政府晋升陈毅为</span><span style="caret-color: rgb(30, 31, 36);font-family: -apple-system-font, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, sans-serif;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration: none;float: none;display: inline !important;color: rgb(250, 83, 89);">驻库伦办事大员。</span><span style="caret-color: rgb(30, 31, 36);color: rgb(30, 31, 36);font-family: -apple-system-font, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, sans-serif;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration: none;float: none;display: inline !important;">陈毅到任后，立即电请北洋政府，以“保卫旗商”为名，“简拨卫队”进入唐努乌梁海，做成驻军的事实，然后逼迫俄军撤出。</span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 17px;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 17px;"> 起初，<span style="caret-color: rgb(30, 31, 36);color: rgb(30, 31, 36);font-family: -apple-system-font, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, sans-serif;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration: none;float: none;display: inline !important;">北洋政府忌惮俄国，不敢采取陈毅的意见，只是用外交手段要求俄国允许派驻专员。没有武力支持，俄国自然不会让步，一连几个月的交涉毫无效果。1918年2月，白俄红俄在唐努乌梁海混战。这种情况下，克穆齐克旗总管巴彦巴达尔呼再次派人到乌里雅苏台，请求中央派军保护该旗官民。</span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 17px;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 17px;"></span></p><p><br/></p><section style="text-align: center;"><section style="display: inline-block;"></section></section><p><br/></p><p><span style="font-size: 17px;"></span><br/></p><p style="font-size: 19px;"><strong style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-variant-caps: normal;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;white-space: normal;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration: none;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;color: rgb(255, 76, 0);font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;font-style: italic;">05</span></strong></p><p style="font-size: 19px;"><strong style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-variant-caps: normal;letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;white-space: normal;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration: none;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;color: rgb(255, 76, 0);font-size: 20px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;font-style: italic;"><br/></span></strong></p><p><span class="bjh-p" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;box-sizing: border-box;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;vertical-align: baseline;overflow-wrap: anywhere;word-break: break-word;max-width: 100%;display: block;"><span style="font-size: 19px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 17px;">陈毅急电北洋政府，建议中央迳选可任佐理专员之人，随带卫队，以调查名义，由科布多以北的乌兰固木进入唐努乌梁海。1918年5月初，北洋政府看到俄国新政权未获大国支持，便任命驻库伦大员公署秘书长严式超为调查员，率兵一个连前往唐努乌梁海。</span></span><span class="bjh-p" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: currentcolor;box-sizing: border-box;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;vertical-align: baseline;overflow-wrap: anywhere;word-break: break-word;max-width: 100%;display: block;"><span style="font-size: 17px;"><br/></span></span></p><p><br/></p><p><br/></p><p><strong>来源：盐渎杂谈<br/></strong></p><p><strong>编辑：吴勇胜</strong></p><p><strong>总编辑：陆碧波</strong></p><p><br/></p><link rel="stylesheet" href="//xinsubei.com/source/plugin/wcn_editor/public/wcn_editor_fit.css?v134_J63" id="wcn_editor_css"/>
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