morpheus 发表于 2023-7-1 17:44:56

这位状元是盐城沿海大开发第一人,今天是他的生日

<section style="text-align: left;">2023年下半年第一天,祝各位<span style="color: rgb(250, 83, 89);">好运连连!</span><section style="display: inline-block;"></section></section><p><br/></p><section><section><section style="text-align: center;"><section style="display: inline-block;"></section></section><section><br/></section></section></section><p>&nbsp; &nbsp;今天,也是<span style="color: rgb(47, 118, 195);">张謇(jiǎn)先生</span>诞辰170周年纪念日。这位晚清传奇状元,堪称近代江苏沿海废灶兴垦、植棉开发第一人,是盐城人非常尊敬的教育家和实业家。</p><p><br/></p><section style="text-align: center;"><section style="display: inline-block;"></section></section><section style="text-align: center;"><br/></section><p>&nbsp; <span style="caret-color: rgb(250, 83, 89);color: rgb(250, 83, 89);font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: auto;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: auto;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration: none;display: inline !important;float: none;">▲&nbsp;</span>市博物馆里对张謇先生辟有专门的介绍板块:张謇,字季直,<span style="color: rgb(47, 118, 195);">号啬(sè)庵(ān),</span>江苏南通人…… &nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p><br/></p><section style="text-align: center;"><section style="display: inline-block;"></section></section><section style="text-align: center;"><br/></section><p>&nbsp; &nbsp;<span style="caret-color: rgb(250, 83, 89);color: rgb(250, 83, 89);font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: auto;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: auto;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration: none;display: inline !important;float: none;">▲&nbsp;</span>这是本城另一家文博场馆里的展陈:张謇(1853—1926),字季直,号<span style="color: rgb(250, 83, 89);">啬</span><span style="color: rgb(47, 118, 195);">奄(yān、yǎn)。</span>光绪二十年(1894)……</p><p>&nbsp; 这就让人糊涂了——张謇先生的号究竟是“啬庵”还是“啬奄”?两个字<span style="color: rgb(47, 118, 195);">长得很像,</span>但对的只能是一个!</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp;庵,一指圆形小草屋,一指小庙(多为尼姑修行住所)。前者常用于文人别号,如施耐庵、龚定庵。</p><p>&nbsp; 笔者恰巧去过张謇创办的南通博物苑,也曾拜谒他老人家归山的“啬园”。人家那里明明白白地写着<span style="color: rgb(47, 118, 195);">“啬庵(ān)”</span>二字!不用说,市博物馆的展陈文字是正确的。</p><p style="text-align: center;"></p><p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);font-size: 14px;">&nbsp;<span style="caret-color: rgb(250, 83, 89);color: rgb(250, 83, 89);font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: auto;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: auto;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration: none;display: inline !important;float: none;">▲&nbsp;</span>看出这两个大字是谁题的吗?</span></p><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; 张謇之子张孝若编著的《南通张季直先生传记》中有言:(父亲张謇)<span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;">“五十后题扶海垞外书室叫</span><span style="color: rgb(47, 118, 195);"><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;">‘</span><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;">啬庵</span><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;">’</span></span><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;">,即以此为号,到了晚年自号</span><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;">‘</span><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;">啬翁</span><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;">’</span><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;">。”</span><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;">扶海垞是张謇于</span><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;">1903</span><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;">年在海门常乐镇老宅西侧建的房子。以“啬庵”为号,想来是张老先生的自谦、自喻。</span></p><p><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;">&nbsp; &nbsp; 至于<span style="color: rgb(248, 173, 25);">“啬</span><span style="color: rgb(47, 118, 195);">奄</span><span style="color: rgb(248, 173, 25);">”,</span>天知道是什么意思。为何能够堂而皇之地展陈多年,也不得而知。</span></p><p><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;">&nbsp; &nbsp;笔者的活动所及,只要说到张謇先生,盐城人的语气里大多怀着敬仰和感恩。盐城境内,包括今日东台、大丰、射阳等地,有多个张謇先生的纪念设施。对待张謇先生的生平事迹,那怕只有短短的几行字,也当严谨细致,拒绝粗枝大叶。这是题中应有之义。</span></p><p><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;"><br/></span></p><p><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;">&nbsp; &nbsp;今天,是这位状元实业家、教育家的生日。老先生的诸多创举和历史功绩泽被后世,值得人们永远追怀、高山仰止。他严谨、精深的治学精神和坚苦自立的人生态度,同样值得我们省思和镜鉴。</span></p><p><span style="caret-color: var(--weui-BRAND);letter-spacing: 0.034em;"></span><br/></p><p><br/></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;clear: both;min-height: 1em;caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: auto;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;white-space: normal;widows: auto;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration: none;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;"><br/></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong>来源:盐渎杂谭<br/></strong></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong>编辑:吴勇胜</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong>总编辑:陆碧波</strong></p><p style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; caret-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br/></p><link rel="stylesheet" href="//xinsubei.com/source/plugin/wcn_editor/public/wcn_editor_fit.css?v134_cvD" id="wcn_editor_css"/>
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